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This book deals with principal
problems of Russia's future and its historic choice, and
analyses the potential for positive developments in the
Russian territories and their new integration. It also presents
a system of economic measures to alleviate the crisis in
the economy and society of the regions, and to activate
future growth.
The book also contains analytical and methodological
materials for implementation of the proposed measures.
The report "Economics and Politics
in Russia" is a regular publication of the Center for
Economic and Political Research.
The authors of the work are:
G.Yavlinsky, A.Melnikov, T.Yarigina, G.Marchenko,
V.Kuschenko, S.Ivanenko, A.Mikhailov, M.Zadornov, A.Makushkin,
V.Erokhin, V.Grischenko, M.Kozhokin, G.Melamedov, T.Antipova,
G.Chinarikhina, V.Mushenkov, S.Don, P.Goncharuk, O.Radayeva,
and V.Vornycheva.
The system of measures was developed and
implemented by:
Coordinating Council of Nizhni Novgorod
Region - B.Nemtzov, E.Krestyaninov, D.Bednikov, and A.Kosarikov;
heads of the working groups: V.Lunin, B.Mokhov, S.Makov,
O.Maslov, I.Sklyarov, B.Titov, A.Golubtzov, and V.Lysov;
directors of the departments in the local administration:
V.Kozlov, A.Kartsevskiy, N.Barmin, and E.Gorkov.
Materials by:
Z.Androsova, V.Berezin, Yu.Burtzev, L.Bolshakova,
V.Grodno, A.Zubarev, A.Iudin, A.Nekrasov, I.Ovsyannikov,
Yu.Rumyantsev, V.Ribakov, V.Solonicheva, S.Stulov, V.Uzun,
and V.Shupyro were used in different sections of the book.
The authors are grateful to the following
individuals for cooperation and assistance in carrying out
their work:
T.Abakshina, A.Akimenko, V.Aksinyin, D.Ardzhanov,
I.Arzhenovskiy, V.Bitkin, B.Brevnov, A.Vaschenko, L.Grishakova,
Z.Grishvina, Yu.Doynikov, A.Zharkova, A.Zaytzev, E.Zatulia,
V.Zinovyev, A.Inkin, N.Katkov, T.Karaulova, R.Kirillov,
V.Klimov, V.Krokhin, O.Kurtina, V.Lezovaya, Yu.Lushin, A.Lyaluev,
T.Martynova, S.Metla, N.Muzhikova, E.Nenashev, A.Petrov,
V.Pogorelskiy, I.Romashova, P.Rulev, B.Saygin, L.Sedova,
N.Sergutina, V.Tarasov, V.Tkachenko, M.Trakhin, E.Filyakova,
T.Khlebnikova, E.Khlebnikov, V.Khilov, A.Tzarkov, V.Shikhov,
and N.Shishanova.
Copyright by EPIcenter, 1992
CONTENTS
NIZHNI NOVGOROD PROLOGUE
FOREWORD TO THE
PROLOGUE
SECTION ONE
RUSSIA - THE SEARCH FOR POINTS OF REFERENCE
CHAPTER 1.
FEDERALISM IN PLACE OF COMMUNISM.
Introduction
1.1. Concise Analysis
of the Situation.
Legal Status of the
Russian Federation.
The Political Environment
in the Russian Federation.
The Regions.
Central Authorities.
Conclusions
1.2. Principles.
On the Essential Features
of "Democratic Thinking"
On the Notion of "Human
Freedom"
On the Notion of "Self-Determination
of Nations"
Formulation of the
Problem.
Approaches to a Solution
Solution of the Problem
An Answer to a Possible
Objection
Consequences
1.3. The goals.
Realization of the
Problems of Politics
New integration of
Russian territories
Manageability of the
Integration Process
Voluntary Integration
Security as a Condition
of the Process of Integration
New Integration as
a Basis for Economic Reforms.
1.4. The course
Problems of the New
Subjects
The Problems of Federal
Authority
The Problems of Political
Parties and Public Movements
The Problems of the
Intelligentsia.
Further Thoughts
1.5. Actions
CHAPTER 2
THE NEW POLICIES OF THE ADMINISTRATION
2.1 The Course of
Economic Policy
Short-term perspectives
Mistakes in the realization
of economic policies or in the strategy?
Choice of Strategy
New Strategy
2.2. Social Policies
Appraisal of the situation
The problems of establishing
a social policy
Modern social policy
of the center
2.3. Regional approach
Peculiarities.
Stages
Conditions
Self-organization of
land
Ethnic and cultural
basis
Economic prerequisites
Political motives
General interests and
goals.
Horizontal ties
Formation of "crystallization
nuclei"
SECTION TWO
NIZHNI NOVGOROD - THE FIRST STEP
CHAPTER 3
FORMATION OF THE CONCEPTS
3.1. The Socio-Economic
and Political Situation
3.2. Prognosis and
Strategy
Priority Problems
Basic Scenarios
Intra-Regional Contacts
Problems in Constructing
the Model
CHAPTER 4
EXPERIENCE AND PRACTICE
Introduction
Substantiation for
the System of Measures and Relationships
4.1 Entrepreneurship
and Property
4.1.1 Conversion
of the Social Infrastructure
Problems
Public Services Sector
Preschool Establishments
Health Services
Unresolved Issues
4.1.2. "Free"
Registration (Self-Registration) of Private Enterprises
Procedure
The Benefits of Free
Registration
Problems
Incentives
Unresolved Issues
Appendix
(1) Plan for individual
activities
(2) Sample instructions
for the introduction of free registration
(3) Certificate of
state registration of an individual enterprise (or full
partnership)
4.1.3 From the Creation
of Joint Stock Companies right up to the Alienation of Property
Rights
Dangers
The essence of the
proposals
Recommendations on
the preparation of founding documents
Appendix
(1) Procedure for Transforming
Large Enterprises into Joint Stock Companies
4.1.4 New Approaches
to Small Business Privatisation
Trends
Additional possibilities
Appendix
(1) Sample regulations
for open non-commercial tenders for the sale of state and
municipal property
4.1.5 The State
Property Protection Service
Sequence of steps
The status of the employees
of the special subdivisions
Appendix
(1) Plan for formation
by stages
4.1.6 Projected
Privatisation of Collective and State Farms
Conflicts in the privatization
of agricultural enterprises
Orientation of the
privatisation of collective and state farms
Recommendations for
the formation of major private agricultural producers
4.1.7. Generalisation
of the experience of land reform
Appendix
Articles of association
Nizhni Novgorod Interregional Joint Stock Land Bank
4.2. Social sphere
4.2.1. Operational
System of Social Indices (OSSI)
OSSI Functions
Choice of Priorities
Social Marker
Information Basis
Principles for the
Selection of Indices
Critical Points
Regularity of Information
OSSI Consumers
Stages in the System's
Development
Technical Provision
4.2.2. Unemployment
monitoring mechanism
Information Network
and Methods
Division of Enterprises
into Classes
Division into Classes
Forms
Poll Frequency
Ways of Collecting
of Information
Application of Collected
Information
Booklet: "Are
You Looking for a Job? We'll Help You." (Nizhni Novgorod
Regional Employment Centre)
4.2.3 Adjustment of the Population
Monetary Incomes
Problems
Decisions
Stages
4.2.3.1 Recommendations
on calculating the consumer price index
4.2.3.2. Methodical
Recommendations on the Formation of the Minimal Consumer
Budget (Subsistence Minimum)
Appendix
(1) The concept of the minimal consumer budget. The specific
features of its development and use in modern conditions.
4.2.4. Budget-insured
health service stages of reorganization of the sector fundamental
principles of the insurance company "Nizhni Novgorod"
(1) Financial-economic
activity of a company
(2) General Structure
of a Health Insurance Company
(3) Entities of the
Health Insurance System
4.2.5. Analysis
of the non-governmental Insurance Pension Fund
Appendices
(1) Scheme of the state regulation
(2) Articles of association of the
mixed partnership "Nizhni Novgorod oblast division
of the association for social protection of employees (Russian
Insurance Pension Fund (RIPF))"
4.2.6. Programme
for education in the humanities
Appendix
Plan for social-political measures
4.3.Finances
4.3.1 New scheme of
subsidies of the regional budget evaluation of the performance
of the Nizhni Novgorod oblast budget
Taxation policy
Policy of expenditures
Transfer of subsidies
to population incomes
4.3.2. Manipulating
resources of the extra-budgetary funds
The situation
Use of resource options
4.3.3. Regional
public loan
New opportunities
Strategy
Appendix
(1) Prospectus of the issue of the public loan in the Nizhni
Novgorod Region in 1992
4.3.4. Grain bond
4.3.5 Support for
the Solvency of Enterprises
Settlements Crisis
How enterprises can
be helped
4.4 Power and Society
4.4.1 The Coordination
Council
4.4.2 Policy of Civil Concord
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