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Books by Grigory Yavlinsky
NIZHNI NOVGOROD PROLOGUE
Economics and Politics in Russia
 
The Center for Economic and Political Research (EPIcenter)
Nizhni Novgorod-Moscow, 1992

This book deals with principal problems of Russia's future and its historic choice, and analyses the potential for positive developments in the Russian territories and their new integration. It also presents a system of economic measures to alleviate the crisis in the economy and society of the regions, and to activate future growth.

The book also contains analytical and methodological materials for implementation of the proposed measures.

The report "Economics and Politics in Russia" is a regular publication of the Center for Economic and Political Research.

The authors of the work are:

G.Yavlinsky, A.Melnikov, T.Yarigina, G.Marchenko, V.Kuschenko, S.Ivanenko, A.Mikhailov, M.Zadornov, A.Makushkin, V.Erokhin, V.Grischenko, M.Kozhokin, G.Melamedov, T.Antipova, G.Chinarikhina, V.Mushenkov, S.Don, P.Goncharuk, O.Radayeva, and V.Vornycheva.

The system of measures was developed and implemented by:

Coordinating Council of Nizhni Novgorod Region - B.Nemtzov, E.Krestyaninov, D.Bednikov, and A.Kosarikov; heads of the working groups: V.Lunin, B.Mokhov, S.Makov, O.Maslov, I.Sklyarov, B.Titov, A.Golubtzov, and V.Lysov; directors of the departments in the local administration: V.Kozlov, A.Kartsevskiy, N.Barmin, and E.Gorkov.

Materials by:

Z.Androsova, V.Berezin, Yu.Burtzev, L.Bolshakova, V.Grodno, A.Zubarev, A.Iudin, A.Nekrasov, I.Ovsyannikov, Yu.Rumyantsev, V.Ribakov, V.Solonicheva, S.Stulov, V.Uzun, and V.Shupyro were used in different sections of the book.

The authors are grateful to the following individuals for cooperation and assistance in carrying out their work:

T.Abakshina, A.Akimenko, V.Aksinyin, D.Ardzhanov, I.Arzhenovskiy, V.Bitkin, B.Brevnov, A.Vaschenko, L.Grishakova, Z.Grishvina, Yu.Doynikov, A.Zharkova, A.Zaytzev, E.Zatulia, V.Zinovyev, A.Inkin, N.Katkov, T.Karaulova, R.Kirillov, V.Klimov, V.Krokhin, O.Kurtina, V.Lezovaya, Yu.Lushin, A.Lyaluev, T.Martynova, S.Metla, N.Muzhikova, E.Nenashev, A.Petrov, V.Pogorelskiy, I.Romashova, P.Rulev, B.Saygin, L.Sedova, N.Sergutina, V.Tarasov, V.Tkachenko, M.Trakhin, E.Filyakova, T.Khlebnikova, E.Khlebnikov, V.Khilov, A.Tzarkov, V.Shikhov, and N.Shishanova.

Copyright by EPIcenter, 1992

CONTENTS

NIZHNI NOVGOROD PROLOGUE

FOREWORD TO THE PROLOGUE

SECTION ONE
RUSSIA - THE SEARCH FOR POINTS OF REFERENCE

CHAPTER 1.
FEDERALISM IN PLACE OF COMMUNISM.

Introduction

1.1. Concise Analysis of the Situation.

Legal Status of the Russian Federation.

The Political Environment in the Russian Federation.

The Regions.

Central Authorities.

Conclusions

1.2. Principles.

On the Essential Features of "Democratic Thinking"

On the Notion of "Human Freedom"

On the Notion of "Self-Determination of Nations"

Formulation of the Problem.

Approaches to a Solution

Solution of the Problem

An Answer to a Possible Objection

Consequences

1.3. The goals.

Realization of the Problems of Politics

New integration of Russian territories

Manageability of the Integration Process

Voluntary Integration

Security as a Condition of the Process of Integration

New Integration as a Basis for Economic Reforms.

1.4. The course

Problems of the New Subjects

The Problems of Federal Authority

The Problems of Political Parties and Public Movements

The Problems of the Intelligentsia.

Further Thoughts

1.5. Actions

CHAPTER 2
THE NEW POLICIES OF THE ADMINISTRATION

2.1 The Course of Economic Policy

Short-term perspectives

Mistakes in the realization of economic policies or in the strategy?

Choice of Strategy

New Strategy

2.2. Social Policies

Appraisal of the situation

The problems of establishing a social policy

Modern social policy of the center

2.3. Regional approach

Peculiarities.

Stages

Conditions

Self-organization of land

Ethnic and cultural basis

Economic prerequisites

Political motives

General interests and goals.

Horizontal ties

Formation of "crystallization nuclei"

SECTION TWO
NIZHNI NOVGOROD - THE FIRST STEP

CHAPTER 3
FORMATION OF THE CONCEPTS

3.1. The Socio-Economic and Political Situation

3.2. Prognosis and Strategy

Priority Problems

Basic Scenarios

Intra-Regional Contacts

Problems in Constructing the Model

CHAPTER 4
EXPERIENCE AND PRACTICE

Introduction

Substantiation for the System of Measures and Relationships

4.1 Entrepreneurship and Property

4.1.1 Conversion of the Social Infrastructure

Problems

Public Services Sector

Preschool Establishments

Health Services

Unresolved Issues

4.1.2. "Free" Registration (Self-Registration) of Private Enterprises

Procedure

The Benefits of Free Registration

Problems

Incentives

Unresolved Issues

Appendix

(1) Plan for individual activities

(2) Sample instructions for the introduction of free registration

(3) Certificate of state registration of an individual enterprise (or full partnership)

4.1.3 From the Creation of Joint Stock Companies right up to the Alienation of Property Rights

Dangers

The essence of the proposals

Recommendations on the preparation of founding documents

Appendix

(1) Procedure for Transforming Large Enterprises into Joint Stock Companies

4.1.4 New Approaches to Small Business Privatisation

Trends

Additional possibilities

Appendix

(1) Sample regulations for open non-commercial tenders for the sale of state and municipal property

4.1.5 The State Property Protection Service

Sequence of steps

The status of the employees of the special subdivisions

Appendix

(1) Plan for formation by stages

4.1.6 Projected Privatisation of Collective and State Farms

Conflicts in the privatization of agricultural enterprises

Orientation of the privatisation of collective and state farms

Recommendations for the formation of major private agricultural producers

4.1.7. Generalisation of the experience of land reform

Appendix

Articles of association
Nizhni Novgorod Interregional Joint Stock Land Bank

4.2. Social sphere

4.2.1. Operational System of Social Indices (OSSI)

OSSI Functions

Choice of Priorities

Social Marker

Information Basis

Principles for the Selection of Indices

Critical Points

Regularity of Information

OSSI Consumers

Stages in the System's Development

Technical Provision

4.2.2. Unemployment monitoring mechanism

Information Network and Methods

Division of Enterprises into Classes

Division into Classes

Forms

Poll Frequency

Ways of Collecting of Information

Application of Collected Information

Booklet: "Are You Looking for a Job? We'll Help You." (Nizhni Novgorod Regional Employment Centre)
4.2.3 Adjustment of the Population Monetary Incomes

Problems

Decisions

Stages

4.2.3.1 Recommendations on calculating the consumer price index

4.2.3.2. Methodical Recommendations on the Formation of the Minimal Consumer Budget (Subsistence Minimum)

Appendix
(1) The concept of the minimal consumer budget. The specific
features of its development and use in modern conditions.

4.2.4. Budget-insured health service stages of reorganization of the sector fundamental principles of the insurance company "Nizhni Novgorod"

(1) Financial-economic activity of a company

(2) General Structure of a Health Insurance Company

(3) Entities of the Health Insurance System

4.2.5. Analysis of the non-governmental Insurance Pension Fund
Appendices
(1) Scheme of the state regulation
(2) Articles of association of the mixed partnership "Nizhni Novgorod oblast division of the association for social protection of employees (Russian Insurance Pension Fund (RIPF))"

4.2.6. Programme for education in the humanities

Appendix
Plan for social-political measures
4.3.Finances

4.3.1 New scheme of subsidies of the regional budget evaluation of the performance of the Nizhni Novgorod oblast budget

Taxation policy

Policy of expenditures

Transfer of subsidies to population incomes

4.3.2. Manipulating resources of the extra-budgetary funds

The situation

Use of resource options

4.3.3. Regional public loan

New opportunities

Strategy

Appendix
(1) Prospectus of the issue of the public loan in the Nizhni Novgorod Region in 1992

4.3.4. Grain bond

4.3.5 Support for the Solvency of Enterprises

Settlements Crisis

How enterprises can be helped

4.4 Power and Society
4.4.1 The Coordination Council
4.4.2 Policy of Civil Concord

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