Grigory Yavlinsky’s web-site, 2.06.2022

The most important specific of Russian national disasters is that they can all be attributed to the inadequate
capability documented in culture to respond adequately to the challenges of history.

Alexander Akhiezer1

In order to understand what has happened in Russia and before we even attempt to contemplate what comes next, we need to find an answer to the key question: why and how did we end up with a political system and state structure which has effectively organised the largest armed conflict between countries in Europe after World War II, with countless victims2, creating in the process a serious large-scale and direct threat to the future? Or to put it another way, why and how did a political system appear, which has resulted in the so-called “special military operation” against Ukraine on 24 February 2022?

If we fail to answer this question, we will be unable to extricate ourselves from the destructive path that Russia has already been taking for 30 years, while the developments today will also be repeated in future in the most savage forms.

We are witnessing and participating in monumental events. It goes without saying that they include moral, cultural and historical aspects. However, in this article I will focus on the underlying political causes of these developments.

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